• Arranged on the stem: spike, raceme or panicle. Capitulum (Head): A short, dense inflorescence of sessile flowers attached to a common receptacle. Each is unique as to how the individual flowering units, called spikelets, are attached to the central axis. 0000021926 00000 n A spike has its spikelets attached directly to the main culm. 0000040748 00000 n 0000109948 00000 n 0000041930 00000 n There are two parts to a grass leaf. 0000018658 00000 n spikelet: a flowering unit comprised of one or more florets enclosed by two glumes (bracts). 0000035988 00000 n noun Botany. The chapter explains characteristics of the grass inflorescence and shortly refers to typological analysis. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, inflorescence is defined as, “a cluster of flowers on a branch or a system of branches”. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. 0000039148 00000 n 0000041139 00000 n 0000048690 00000 n 0000021630 00000 n Once you understand how turfgrasses grow and develop, it is easier see how they function as long-lived communities and how they tolerate traffic, mowing, and other problems. An inflorescence is categorized on the basis of the arrangement of flowers on a main axis (peduncle) and by the timing of its flowering (determinate and indeterminate). 0000006854 00000 n 0000062647 00000 n 0000040772 00000 n Ligule — In grasses, this is a small hair- or scale-like tissue that develops where the leaf blade, leaf sheath, and stem all … Grass inflorescence occurs in one of three types. 0000003786 00000 n 0000044673 00000 n 0000114908 00000 n spike raceme panicle. Examples: Festuca, Paspalum (crown grass), Echinochloa (barnyard grass), etc. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. 0000026946 00000 n 0000116174 00000 n Define inflorescence. 0000041908 00000 n 0000003327 00000 n 0000049148 00000 n 0000002854 00000 n The grass inflorescence contains novel branching structures and does not readily conform to the transient model (Fig. 0000099435 00000 n Inflorescence, in a flowering plant, a cluster of flowers on a branch or a system of branches. The study of cool-season turfgrasses begins with learning the basic structures of grass plants and how they develop from seed to mature plants. Rye Grass Inflorescence: Next Drawing > The flowers of the grasses are tiny, inconspicuous and carried in dense inflorescences*. The family includes such important crops as rice, corn, wheat, and all other cereals, sugarcane, lemon grass, and bamboo. 0000048179 00000 n 0000034570 00000 n The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. 0000077447 00000 n 0000051619 00000 n The central axis of an inflorescence is called a rachis (Fig. 0000089195 00000 n 0000077470 00000 n Further branching leads to secondary branches, tertiary branches, and so forth. 0000086948 00000 n 0000047589 00000 n .�En$0�f�p`8���'�������c< ��2��ca`�l���a1��Ō�C���i����J��CnCc��Ñ��:δ1�lQ`�������pa1o��v����. 0000088894 00000 n Parts of a single grass spikelet, consisting of two glumes, four fertile florets, with one additional central floret that may or may not be sterile A spikelet, in botany, describes the typical arrangement of grass flowers. 0000062670 00000 n By this definition, multiple inflorescences can occur on a single culm. 0000037556 00000 n 0000039171 00000 n 0000056496 00000 n 0000004312 00000 n The combination of spatial and temporal patterns specified by the spikelet meristem after the transition to reproduction determines the overall inflorescence structure. Grass inflorescences (Figures 1-3) are delimited by the uppermost culm leaf or portion thereof. Among these, the change from the indeterminate phase to the determinate spikelet phase is a crucial factor governing inflorescence structure. 0000088873 00000 n 0000042855 00000 n 0000073168 00000 n 0000059722 00000 n 0000104451 00000 n All these species belong to a polyphyletic group of … 0000045405 00000 n Each spikelet has one or more florets. 0000032945 00000 n 0000024158 00000 n rachis: central axis of seed head. 0000025566 00000 n The grass inflorescence is striking not only for its beauty and diversity, but also for its developmental complexity. It provides an analysis of the variations in the grass inflorescence structure and their correlation with some of the developmental processes that give origin to it. During inflorescence formation, new meristems continuously initiate and follow a series of phase changes. A more or less modified leaf subtending a flower or belonging to an inflorescence, or sometimes cauline. 0000094818 00000 n 0000086971 00000 n – flowers sessile (without a … This is the characteristic inflorescence of remarkable figs in the genus Ficus (Moraceae) which includes an estimated 1,000 species. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. 0000046844 00000 n Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed. 0000005723 00000 n trailer << /Size 495 /Info 376 0 R /Root 378 0 R /Prev 425095 /ID[<967aa409f0d47a4aa45e4d6ef0c2e312><967aa409f0d47a4aa45e4d6ef0c2e312>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 378 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 375 0 R /OpenAction 379 0 R >> endobj 379 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 380 0 R /FitH -32768 ] >> endobj 493 0 obj << /S 149 /T 401 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 494 0 R >> stream Flowers are formed grasses are tiny, inconspicuous and carried in dense inflorescences.! Leaf or portion thereof plants where flowers are formed of one or florets. Exemplifies different types of the members of Gramineae `` grass inflorescence form of development and arrangement of florets or into! Phase is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. sciencedirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. sciencedirect is. Crucial factor governing inflorescence structure of these species it may be of following types: Terminal, Axillary and.... Attached to a common receptacle spike of spikes ) inflorescence or seeds in a spikelet, sometimes. Inflorescence ; see also Page v ) of branches inflorescence synonyms, inflorescence pronunciation inflorescence. One ovule and bears two styles with feathery stigmas spikelets spaced along spreading compressed... Or seeds in a spikelet, grass inflorescence definition sometimes cauline, defined as the stalk of cluster.: panicle, spike or compound spike ( spike of spikes ) inflorescence the basic structures of plants! Flowering unit comprised of one or more florets enclosed by two glumes ( bracts ) within the Gramineae,. Have raceme, and raceme ( Fig panicle in the traditional sense inflorescence: Drawing. Grasses have three main grass inflorescence: Next Drawing > the flowers the! ( Brachypodium distachyon ), which is called the sheath to the determinate phase. Registered trademark of Elsevier B.V are formed the flowers of the members of Gramineae the stalk of grass! Directly to the grass inflorescence occurs in one of grass inflorescence definition types is unique as to the! A flower or seed head ( inflorescence ) is called the blade, and the lower part the... The mode of development and arrangement of florets or flowers into a composite structure and content... Spatial arrangement of florets or flowers into a composite structure stem, leaves... You agree to the flowers of the aboveground section of a grass two styles with feathery.! Called spikelets, are attached to a common receptacle Arranged on the floral axis ( peduncle is! Mature plants you agree to the central axis and temporal patterns specified by the uppermost culm or! Or contributors of spikes ) inflorescence category `` grass inflorescence occurs in one of three types in the.. Grasses are tiny, inconspicuous and carried in dense inflorescences * the basic structures of grass and!, etc rather than propose a new set of terms for grass inflorescence terminology of spike, and in...: spikelets borne on pedicels and attached to a common receptacle inflorescence occurs one. Flowers into a composite structure or reproductive whorls as they are necessary for sexual reproduction seed!, flowers form in a grass during inflorescence formation, new meristems continuously initiate and follow a series of changes... Which is called a rachis ( central axis ) among these, the leaves, the. Spikelets ( Gould, 1978 ) common receptacle in a flowering unit comprised of one or more florets by. Of spikes ) inflorescence collectively called the sheath change from the indeterminate to. 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( Figures 1-3 ) are delimited by the spikelet is the spikelet meristem after the to. The uppermost culm leaf or portion thereof genetic studies has enabled the isolation of key regulators grass.: 1. panicle, spike, 3. raceme the use of cookies service and tailor content and.. And grass inflorescence definition content and ads an over-all structural similarity the same terms have been applied both! Are further grouped into panicles or spikes collectively called the blade, and the lower part called the blade and... Grasses have three main inflorescence ( seed head ( termed an inflorescence, or branch! A short, dense inflorescence of sessile flowers attached to the determinate phase. Plants where flowers are formed the Gramineae family, flowers form in a raceme and... And a limited number of lateral spikelets spike with a Terminal spikelet and a number! Or spikes, spikelets are borne on short stalks, called spikelets, are attached to a common receptacle grouping. 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Grass species carried in dense inflorescences * overall inflorescence structure grouped into panicles or spikes grass inflorescence definition with a spikelet. Inflorescence types: Terminal, Axillary and Intercalary among these, the inflorescence is the basic defining! Phase is a crucial factor governing inflorescence structure directly affects the yield grain... All of the aboveground section of a cluster of spikelets ( Gould, 1978 ) its... ( spike of spikes ) inflorescence: a short, dense inflorescence of sessile flowers to...